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Book Chapter
The War on Terror: The Phases and Faces of a Modern Crusade
Khaled Beydoun
The Oxford Handbook of Race and Law in the United States
Oxford University Press 2022
 
Open Access

Abstract:

This chapter reviews and analyzes the protracted “War on Terror,” homing in closely on its domestic dimensions. By looking at cornerstone policies and programs of the War on Terror, it highlights how the War on Terror was fluidly and distinctly steered during the three presidential administrations of its span (thus far), the impact it had on Muslim communities and other targeted groups, and the state’s impact on and role in endorsing and emboldening private animus directed at Muslims and perceived Muslims. The 9/11 terror attacks spawned the War on Terror, but the state campaign that morphed into a global crusade is rooted in long-standing misrepresentations of Islam and its adherents. Indeed, the three phases of the War on Terror and the heightened Islamophobia it ushered in relied on the racialization of Muslims as presumptive terror threats. Although Muslim identity is a religious one and Islam a faith observed by a range of racial and ethnic groups in the United States and around the world, the War on Terror reified the idea that “Muslim” was a racial marker.
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