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Article
Rockets, Satellites, and Stratospheric Aerosol Injection: Regulating Human Impacts on Stratospheric Aerosols Under the Ozone Regime
Dan Bodansky and Nicolás E. Esguerra
67 Environment: Science and Policy for Sustainable Development 9 (2025)
 
Open Access

Abstract:

A half-century ago, Sherry Rowland and Mario Molina suggested that halogen compounds such as chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) pose a threat to the stratospheric ozone layer. To address this threat, the international community adopted the Vienna Convention and the Montreal Protocol, which, together with the amendments, adjustments, and decisions adopted pursuant to these instruments, comprise the ozone regime.

Today, the stratospheric ozone layer faces another threat, this time from changes in the amount and composition of stratospheric aerosols due to rocket launches, space debris, stratospheric aerosol injection (SAI), and other anthropogenic sources. These human influences are projected to increase massively in coming years.
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